The Icelandic Horse stands out as a remarkable breed with a rich history dating back to the Viking Age.
These hardy animals arrived in Iceland with Norse settlers over a thousand years ago and have remained pure ever since.
Known for their small stature and thick coats, Icelandic Horses are well-suited to the harsh island climate.
They possess unique gaits called the tölt and flying pace, allowing them to cover rough terrain with ease and comfort for the rider. These special gaits set them apart from other horse breeds worldwide.
Icelandic Horses play a vital role in the country’s culture and traditions.
They are used for leisure riding, competitions, and even meat production. Their importance to Icelandic society has led to strict rules about horse imports, helping to preserve the breed’s purity and health for generations to come.
Breeding and History
The Icelandic Horse has a rich heritage dating back over a thousand years. Its development is closely tied to Iceland’s settlement by Norse Vikings and the unique environmental conditions of the island.
Origins in the Viking Age
Viking settlers brought horses to Iceland in the 9th and 10th centuries. These animals were likely a mix of Norse and Celtic breeds.
The harsh climate and rugged terrain of Iceland shaped the horses over time. Natural selection played a key role in their evolution. Only the toughest and most adaptable horses survived. This led to a breed that was strong, hardy, and well-suited to Iceland’s challenging environment.
Development of the Icelandic Breed
Isolation was crucial in shaping the Icelandic Horse. In 982 AD, the government banned horse imports to Iceland. This law protected the purity of the breed. It also prevented the spread of diseases.
Over time, selective breeding enhanced desirable traits. Farmers chose horses for their strength, sure-footedness, and gentle temperament.
The breed’s unique gaits, like the tölt, became prized features. Breeders worked to maintain these special gaits. They also focused on keeping the horses’ small size and sturdy build. These traits made them perfect for Iceland’s landscape and farm work.
Today, the Icelandic Horse remains a pure breed. Strict rules govern breeding to preserve its distinctive qualities. The breed’s history and careful development have created a horse known for its strength, versatility, and friendly nature.
Characteristics and Gaits
Icelandic horses have unique traits and gaits that set them apart from other breeds. They are known for their sturdy build, gentle nature, and special ability to perform five gaits.
Physical Traits and Colours
Icelandic horses are small but strong, with an average height of 13 to 14 hands. They have thick manes and tails, along with a double coat that keeps them warm in harsh weather. Their winter coat grows extra long and thick.
These horses come in many colours. Common shades include dun, palomino, and grey. Some have striking patterns like skewbald or silver dapple. Splash-skewbald is a mix of white and any other colour. Many sport white markings such as a blaze on the face, a snip on the nose, or white legs.
Five Unique Gaits
Most horses have four gaits, but Icelandic horses can perform five. They can walk, trot, canter, and gallop like other breeds.
Their fifth gait is called tölt. It’s a smooth, four-beat gait that’s comfy for riders.
Some Icelandic horses can also do a gait called flying pace. This is a fast, two-beat lateral gait where the legs on each side move together. Not all Icelandic horses can do this gait, but those who can are prized for racing.
Temperament and Behaviour
Icelandic horses are known for their friendly and calm nature. They tend to be curious and eager to please their riders. These traits make them great for both new and expert riders.
Despite their small size, they are brave and strong. They can carry adult riders with ease.
Icelandic horses excel in many types of riding, from leisure trips to dressage.
Their gentle nature and sure-footedness make them ideal for trail riding. They handle rough terrain well and stay calm in new situations. This mix of traits has made Icelandic horses popular for both work and fun riding around the world.
Frequently Asked Questions
Icelandic horses are unique in many ways. People often have questions about their uses, size, lifespan, colours, gaits, and costs.
What are the typical uses for Icelandic horses?
Icelandic horses are versatile animals. They’re used for leisure riding, competitions, and farm work. Many owners enjoy trail riding with them.
These horses also take part in shows. They compete in special Icelandic horse events that showcase their gaits.
How does the height of Icelandic horses compare to other breeds?
Icelandic horses are smaller than many other breeds. They usually stand between 13 and 14 hands high. This is about 132 to 142 cm at the withers.
Despite their small size, they’re strong. They can carry adult riders with ease.
What is the average lifespan of an Icelandic horse?
Icelandic horses often live longer than other horse breeds. Their average lifespan is 25 to 30 years.
Some have been known to live into their 40s. Good care and genetics play a big role in their longevity.
Can you describe the various coat colours found in Icelandic horses?
Icelandic horses come in many colours. Common shades include bay, chestnut, and black.
They also have unique colours like silver dapple and skewbald. Some have striking patterns like pinto or roan.
What makes the tölt gait unique to Icelandic horses?
The tölt is a smooth, four-beat gait. It’s natural to Icelandic horses. Riders find it very comfortable.
In the tölt, the horse always has one foot on the ground. This creates a smoother ride than a trot.
What factors contribute to the cost of purchasing an Icelandic horse?
The price of an Icelandic horse can vary. Age, training, and pedigree all affect the cost.
Horses with show experience or special colours might cost more. Location can also impact the price. Importing a horse from Iceland adds to the cost.
